1.60" Triassic Fossil Phytosaur (Machaeroprosopus?) Tooth - Texas

This is an exciting, 1.60" long phytosaur tooth collected from the Cooper Canyon Formation (also known as the Bull Canyon Formation) of Crosby County, Texas. Several phytosaurs have been identified from this formation, and based on the general shape of the tooth, it likely came from Machaeroprosopus.

Skull of Machaeroprosopus, a.k.a. Pseudopalatus at the New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science.
Skull of Machaeroprosopus, a.k.a. Pseudopalatus at the New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science.



About Phytosaurs

Phytosaurs were formidable, semi-aquatic reptiles that prowled Triassic rivers and swamps long before true crocodilians evolved. With long, tooth-studded snouts, armored hides, and powerful, paddle-like tails, they looked uncannily similar to modern crocodiles—but the resemblance was pure coincidence. Phytosaurs belonged to an entirely different branch of the reptile family tree, a striking example of parallel evolution in which unrelated animals independently develop the same body plan to master similar environments. Their lineage appears early in the Triassic, though their exact origins remain debated, and they thrived as dominant freshwater predators until vanishing during the Triassic–Jurassic extinction event roughly 200 million years ago.

An artist's reconstruction of a Phytosaur. By Nobu Tamura
An artist's reconstruction of a Phytosaur. By Nobu Tamura


Though phytosaurs shared a crocodile’s general silhouette, their heads told a different story. Some species evolved long, needle-toothed jaws for spearing fish, while others developed broader snouts lined with heavy crushing and slicing teeth suited for tackling larger prey at the water’s edge. The largest individuals stretched an astonishing 39 feet—giant ambush hunters capable of lurking just below the surface before erupting upward in a sudden burst of power. Unlike crocodilians, whose nostrils sit at the tip of the snout, phytosaurs carried their nostrils high on the skull near the eyes, allowing them to breathe while nearly the entire head remained submerged, a subtle adaptation that hints at just how refined these ancient predators were.
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DETAILS
SPECIES
Machaeroprosopus sp.?
LOCATION
Crosby County, Texas
FORMATION
Cooper Canyon Formation
SIZE
1.60" Long
ITEM
#315703
GUARANTEE
We guarantee the authenticity of all of our specimens.